| 1 | #include "erfa.h"
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| 2 |
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| 3 | void eraLd(double bm, double p[3], double q[3], double e[3],
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| 4 | double em, double dlim, double p1[3])
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| 5 | /*
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| 6 | ** - - - - - -
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| 7 | ** e r a L d
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| 8 | ** - - - - - -
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| 9 | **
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| 10 | ** Apply light deflection by a solar-system body, as part of
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| 11 | ** transforming coordinate direction into natural direction.
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| 12 | **
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| 13 | ** Given:
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| 14 | ** bm double mass of the gravitating body (solar masses)
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| 15 | ** p double[3] direction from observer to source (unit vector)
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| 16 | ** q double[3] direction from body to source (unit vector)
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| 17 | ** e double[3] direction from body to observer (unit vector)
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| 18 | ** em double distance from body to observer (au)
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| 19 | ** dlim double deflection limiter (Note 4)
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| 20 | **
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| 21 | ** Returned:
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| 22 | ** p1 double[3] observer to deflected source (unit vector)
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| 23 | **
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| 24 | ** Notes:
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| 25 | **
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| 26 | ** 1) The algorithm is based on Expr. (70) in Klioner (2003) and
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| 27 | ** Expr. (7.63) in the Explanatory Supplement (Urban & Seidelmann
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| 28 | ** 2013), with some rearrangement to minimize the effects of machine
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| 29 | ** precision.
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| 30 | **
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| 31 | ** 2) The mass parameter bm can, as required, be adjusted in order to
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| 32 | ** allow for such effects as quadrupole field.
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| 33 | **
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| 34 | ** 3) The barycentric position of the deflecting body should ideally
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| 35 | ** correspond to the time of closest approach of the light ray to
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| 36 | ** the body.
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| 37 | **
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| 38 | ** 4) The deflection limiter parameter dlim is phi^2/2, where phi is
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| 39 | ** the angular separation (in radians) between source and body at
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| 40 | ** which limiting is applied. As phi shrinks below the chosen
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| 41 | ** threshold, the deflection is artificially reduced, reaching zero
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| 42 | ** for phi = 0.
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| 43 | **
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| 44 | ** 5) The returned vector p1 is not normalized, but the consequential
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| 45 | ** departure from unit magnitude is always negligible.
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| 46 | **
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| 47 | ** 6) The arguments p and p1 can be the same array.
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| 48 | **
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| 49 | ** 7) To accumulate total light deflection taking into account the
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| 50 | ** contributions from several bodies, call the present function for
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| 51 | ** each body in succession, in decreasing order of distance from the
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| 52 | ** observer.
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| 53 | **
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| 54 | ** 8) For efficiency, validation is omitted. The supplied vectors must
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| 55 | ** be of unit magnitude, and the deflection limiter non-zero and
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| 56 | ** positive.
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| 57 | **
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| 58 | ** References:
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| 59 | **
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| 60 | ** Urban, S. & Seidelmann, P. K. (eds), Explanatory Supplement to
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| 61 | ** the Astronomical Almanac, 3rd ed., University Science Books
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| 62 | ** (2013).
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| 63 | **
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| 64 | ** Klioner, Sergei A., "A practical relativistic model for micro-
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| 65 | ** arcsecond astrometry in space", Astr. J. 125, 1580-1597 (2003).
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| 66 | **
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| 67 | ** Called:
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| 68 | ** eraPdp scalar product of two p-vectors
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| 69 | ** eraPxp vector product of two p-vectors
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| 70 | **
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| 71 | ** Copyright (C) 2013-2017, NumFOCUS Foundation.
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| 72 | ** Derived, with permission, from the SOFA library. See notes at end of file.
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| 73 | */
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| 74 | {
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| 75 | int i;
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| 76 | double qpe[3], qdqpe, w, eq[3], peq[3];
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| 77 |
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| 78 |
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| 79 | /* q . (q + e). */
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| 80 | for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
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| 81 | qpe[i] = q[i] + e[i];
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| 82 | }
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| 83 | qdqpe = eraPdp(q, qpe);
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| 84 |
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| 85 | /* 2 x G x bm / ( em x c^2 x ( q . (q + e) ) ). */
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| 86 | w = bm * ERFA_SRS / em / ERFA_GMAX(qdqpe,dlim);
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| 87 |
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| 88 | /* p x (e x q). */
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| 89 | eraPxp(e, q, eq);
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| 90 | eraPxp(p, eq, peq);
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| 91 |
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| 92 | /* Apply the deflection. */
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| 93 | for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
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| 94 | p1[i] = p[i] + w*peq[i];
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| 95 | }
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| 96 |
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| 97 | /* Finished. */
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| 98 |
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| 99 | }
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| 100 | /*----------------------------------------------------------------------
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| 101 | **
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| 102 | **
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| 103 | ** Copyright (C) 2013-2017, NumFOCUS Foundation.
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| 104 | ** All rights reserved.
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| 105 | **
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| 106 | ** This library is derived, with permission, from the International
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| 107 | ** Astronomical Union's "Standards of Fundamental Astronomy" library,
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| 108 | ** available from http://www.iausofa.org.
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| 109 | **
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| 110 | ** The ERFA version is intended to retain identical functionality to
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| 111 | ** the SOFA library, but made distinct through different function and
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| 112 | ** file names, as set out in the SOFA license conditions. The SOFA
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| 113 | ** original has a role as a reference standard for the IAU and IERS,
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| 114 | ** and consequently redistribution is permitted only in its unaltered
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| 115 | ** state. The ERFA version is not subject to this restriction and
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| 116 | ** therefore can be included in distributions which do not support the
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| 117 | ** concept of "read only" software.
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| 118 | **
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| 119 | ** Although the intent is to replicate the SOFA API (other than
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| 120 | ** replacement of prefix names) and results (with the exception of
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| 121 | ** bugs; any that are discovered will be fixed), SOFA is not
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| 122 | ** responsible for any errors found in this version of the library.
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| 123 | **
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| 124 | ** If you wish to acknowledge the SOFA heritage, please acknowledge
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| 125 | ** that you are using a library derived from SOFA, rather than SOFA
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| 126 | ** itself.
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| 127 | **
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| 128 | **
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| 129 | ** TERMS AND CONDITIONS
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| 130 | **
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| 131 | ** Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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| 132 | ** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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| 133 | ** are met:
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| 134 | **
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| 135 | ** 1 Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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| 136 | ** notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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| 137 | **
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| 138 | ** 2 Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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| 139 | ** notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
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| 140 | ** the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
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| 141 | ** distribution.
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| 142 | **
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| 143 | ** 3 Neither the name of the Standards Of Fundamental Astronomy Board,
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| 144 | ** the International Astronomical Union nor the names of its
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| 145 | ** contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
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| 146 | ** from this software without specific prior written permission.
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| 147 | **
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| 148 | ** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
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| 149 | ** "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
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| 150 | ** LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
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| 151 | ** FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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| 152 | ** COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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| 153 | ** INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
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| 154 | ** BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
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| 155 | ** LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
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| 156 | ** CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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| 157 | ** LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
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| 158 | ** ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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| 159 | ** POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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| 160 | **
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| 161 | */
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