source: trunk/MagicSoft/Mars/NEWS@ 7379

                                                               -*-*- END -*-*-

 *** Version  <cvs>



 *** Version  0.9.4.2 (2005/10/01)

   - general: added new tutorial macro macros/tutorials/threshold.C:
     how to calculate the threshold

   - general: added a new game. Start it from the interpreter with
        MagicJam j; (other games are: MineSweeper, MagicSnake, MagicDomino
                     and MagicReversi)

   - general: neighbor pixels in MGeoms are now sorted clockwise

   - merpp: made aware of new format 20050829-0

   - callisto: New scale factors from muon analysis, stored in new 
     resource file resources/calibration.rc

   - callisto: MBadPixelsCalc now raises an error instead of simply stopping
     the eventloop if something went wrong. This is necessary for the
     automatic processing

   - callisto: Implemented a new treatment for the time information 
     developed by S.Ruegamer, this should give much better response than
     the old very primitive algorithm. This is especially important
     for bad pixels due to bright stars as Ceta-Tauri (btw: the old
     treatment was buggy! As neighbor pixels to interpolate the 
     arrival times always the pixels 0 to 5 were taken)

   - callisto: In addition to the new treatment of arrival times the
     decision of the treatment whether a pixel contains shower
     information or not is used to improve the signal interpolation
     further. Previously interpolated pixels showed a non-zero signal
     do the peak searching signal extractors. Having a signal pixel
     beside raised the signal above the cleaning level. Thus the
     pixel survived cleaning to often but with a too low mean signal.
     By replacing empty pixels with a gaus (mean and rms from the
     corresponding Area entries in MPedPhotCam) this effect can
     be supressed.

   - callisto: The status "unmapped" (for pixel which cannot be interpolated)
     got lost when the events were stored by the calibration... fixed.
     (This was no problem for normal image cleaning because the pixel 
      content was artificially set to 0 not surviving standard cleaning
      algorithm)

   - callisto: Fixed a bug which caused the random and peak-search pedestal
     extracted with an extractor to be exchanged for the first (roughly)
     500 events (*Extractor and *ExtractorRndm). 
     (They were simply exchanged in callisto.cc) This bug might have been
     introduced in Mars 0.9.4 when the order of calculation of the two
     types of pedestal in callisto got exchanged. The bug only effects
     the first seconds of data of each sequence.

   - star: Taking the arrival time of Muons into account the calculation
     of the parameters could be made independant of the noise 
     (pedestal rms). The dependance was due to the bias of the peak search
     extractor. Now only a ZA dependamcy is left which is not yet fully
     understood.

   - ganymed: The sequences were still not sorted correctly in any case, 
     because they were sorted by the full qualified path name. Now they
     are sorted by their sequence number.

   - ganymed: new values for the spark-event-cut

   - sponde: required missing MEnergyEst from ganymed.root... fixed.



 *** Version 0.9.4.1 (2005/08/18)

   - callisto: fixed some problems with the calibration in case of
     inteleaved events. Therefor the final and some intermediate
     fits are skipped which would take place on partly filled #
     histograms and gave wrong results or failed completely.

   - callisto: If the intermediate finalization of the histograms
     calculating the mean charge of the calibration signal fails
     it is counted now and printed in PostProcess of MCalibCalcFromPast.

   - ganymed: Fixed some bugs which caused problems in On-only mode.
     Still the false source plot doesn't give reasonable results.



 *** Version 0.9.4 (2005/08/05)

   - general: Fixed the ZA binning. It did not correctly fit the
     MC binning

   - general: Added a class to correct for the missfocussing in
     April (MSrcPosCorrect)

   - general: Random Forest energy estimator should now work properly

   - general: MHCamera now displays the profiles in deg instead of mm

   - general: MH::SetPalette offers a lot of new palettes

   - general: MHillas - the case of CorrXY==0 is now handled properly

   - general: implemented the possibility to change the line and
     marker style of a sky-grid drawn by MAstroCatalog

   - general: Runs in sequences and datasets are now automatically 
     ordered (it is assumed that the order of their filenames correctly
     represents the order of observations) to ensure correct reading
     of the subsystem data

   - general: Runs cannot be added to a sequence twice anymore. Also
     Sequences cannot be added twice anymore to a dataset.

   - general: fixed a bug in MAstro::Deg2Hms reported by Abelardo. 
              It gave wrong results by 1./2pi

   - showplot: got a new option to start a root interpreter, too

   - mars: now displays a rough estimate of Disp and the third moment

   - mars: now displays the event time MTime if available

   - mars: show muon parameters graphically

   - mars: now the file to open can be given as commandline
     argument

   - merpp: Added support for new arehucas version >= 200507190
     implementing values for three temperature sensors in the
     counting house (MCameraAUX) and the name of the HV settings file
     (MCameraHV).

   - merrp: Also fixed some problems with wrong versions numbers stated
     by arehucas and implemented some fixed for old versions (<200407070)

   - callisto: MCalibrationHiLoCam can now be printed from its context
     menu, eg in the TBrowser

   - callisto: fixed logain offset (fgOffsetLoGain) from 1.7 to
       - 1.39 (MExtractTimeAndChargeSpline) 
       - 1.40 (MExtractTimeAndChargeDigitalFilter)
     This is important mainly for timing studies.

   - callisto: Changed limits in MHCalibrationChargeCalc from
       - -100.125 to -98   (fgChargeHiGainFirst)
       - 1899.875 to 1902. (fgChargeHiGainLast)
       - -100.25  to -99   (fgChargeLoGainFirst)
       - 899.75   to 901.  (fgChargeLoGainLast)
     Introduced new limits:
       - fgNumLoGainBlackoutLimit: 0.05
       - fgLoGainBlackoutLimit: 3.5
       - fgLoGainPickupLimit: 3.5

   - callisto: The handling of automatic weights for the digital filter 
     has been improved. There are now new calibration weights special
     for Monte Carlo calibrations.

   - callisto: Updated Muon scale with latest results (1% difference
     for most data, 5% for Mar/Apr'05)

   - callisto: use a new criterium to exclude bad pixels: If the high-gain
     was saturated and the blackout-events in the low-gain exceed the 
     fNumLoGainBlackoutLimit, the pixel is declared unsuitable.
     This excludes those pixels which have a saturating high-gain 
     channel, but the low-gain switch does not switch often enough 
     to make the distribution reliable.

   - callisto: fix a bug counting the number of saturated events. Up to now,
     the number of saturated slices was counted (which is one for a not too
     high number), but for some (pathological) pixels, many more slices
     saturated and produced wrong limits.

   - callisto: New options in in callisto.rc for MCalibrationRelTimeCalc:
     + MCalibrationRelTimeCam.CheckFitResults: Yes
     + MCalibrationRelTimeCam.CheckDeviatingBehavior: Yes
     + MCalibrationRelTimeCam.CheckHistOverflow: Yes
     + MCalibrationRelTimeCam.CheckOscillations: Yes

   - callisto: introduce max. number of events for intercalibration, 
     the rest gets skipped. Default: 4096
     The calibration causes too many un-reliable pixels if more 
     than about 5000 events are treated (@500 Hz) because of the
     mode hopping of the VCSels. However, in the past, some 
     calibration runs have been taken (erroneously) with more 
     than 5000 events, especially the intensity scans where  
     a good precision is needed.

   - callisto: Set UseExtractorRes to kTRUE, will raise the number of 
     photo-electrons for the spline extractor by 1-2% (correctly).

   - callisto: The intercalibration is now done using a full f-factor
     method instead of a simple update. This makes things slower but
     more reliable in terms of gain-fluctuations and sudden VCSEL gain
     changes.

   - callisto: MPedestalY3 now uses the same extraction range as the data
     as calculated by MPedestalY2

   - callisto: A check of the fraction of allowed unsuitable (10%) and
     unreliable (30%) pixels has been addded when the conversion is 
     calculated from interleaved events

   - star: fixed a bug which caused MEffectiveOnTime containers not to
     be written. In the worst case they were skipped almost all, in the
     best case they were all ok. It depends on how often the new value
     was assigned just with an event which was skipped later by another
     task

   - star: new histograms MHPointing and MHRate

   - star: New tab (Currents) displaying the time evolution of the mean 
           DC currents

   - star: New tab (MeanRms) displaying the time volution of the mean
           Pedestal Rms

   - star: Output now contains MReportStarguider

   - star: Improved muon analysis. Due to the absense of a constant
           for the gaus fit for arc width and the fact that the arcwidth
           plot was a histogram instead of a profile the resulting psf
           became pedestal rms dependant

   - ganymed: added new plot (MHPhi) for wobble mode as described in
     http://www.astro.uni-wuerzburg.de/results/ringmethod/

   - ganymed: corrects now (correctly?) for the misspointing in 
              May/April 05

   - ganymed: Two new default templates for ganymed.rc are avilable:
              ganymed_onoff.rc and ganymed_wobble.rc

   - ganymed: The first version of MFMagicCuts has been released

   - ganymed: the Conc1 plot was incorrectly scaled in MHVsSize

   - ganymed, sponde: There are two new options to determin the number
     of bins for the signal region (NumBinsSignal) and the number of
     total bins (NumBinsTotal) in the MHThetaSq histogram

   - ganymed: optimized palettes for MHDisp

   - ganymed: Fixed an important bug when using ThetaSq as fit function:
     The result for the sigma of the gauss(sqrt(x)) fit was a factor
     sqrt(2) to large

   - ganymed: The false source plot (MHDisp) is now based on Disp
     and a background model determined in the first loop is
     subtracted

   - ganymed: MFMagicCuts are now available in the cvs. The correct
     solution for the disp ambiguity problem is now calculated using
     the third moment. The third moment cut therefor is skipped.

   - ganymed: Output now contains "Disp [MParameterD]" which sign is
     already determined by the third moment along the major axis and
     so its actual sign is aligned along the major axis of the shower.

   - ganymed: If starguider data is available it is taken into account
     when calculating the source position. This is especially important
     for wobble data at high zenith angles and culmination data.

   - ganymed: If available the starguider data is taken into account as
     good as it is possible without a starguider calibration. To switch
     it off add
        MPointingDevCalc.MaxAbsDev: -1
     to your ganymed.rc

   - sponde: the zenith angle distribution is now weighted instead of
     choosen by default. This gurantees higher statistics in the highest
     and lowest energy bins. To switch this behaviour off use...

   - sponde: now automatically displays the energy threshold



 *** Version 0.9.3 (2005/06/03)

   - general: MMcEvt now derived from MMcEvtBasic which should 
     have no influence on compatibility with older camera files

   - general: Implemented a new option to MReadReports which allows
     to force reading of the first event of some trees (eg. Drive-tree)
     before any other tree.

   - general: Made a fix to MPointingPosCalc which assumes that the
     run-type is real-data if Process is called before ReInit, such
     that also the very first Drive-events in a run are treated 
     correctly.

   - shoplot now displays the filename in the title bar of the window

   - merpp: new options: --auto-time-start --auto-time-stop which
     allow to cut updating with slow-control at the start- or 
     (previousle --auto-time only allowed: and) stop-time of
     the run stored in the runheader.

   - callisto: changed default of fgFallTimeHiGain in 
     MExtractTimeAndChargeSpline from 1.5 to 0.5. 0.5 was
     already set as default in callisto_Dec04Jan05.rc

   - callisto: the digital filter (MExtractTimeAndChargeDigitalFilter)
     now changes the filename for new weights automatically for
     cosmics, MC and for different calibration colors.

   - callisto: a problem with the order of some code cause the
     name of the weights file in MPedestalY2 to be ignored.
     Wrongly the calibration_UV weights were used instead
     of the cosmics weights set in callisto.rc.

   - callisto: should allow ct1 pulser data when the color is
     explicitly set also for pretty new runs

   - callisto: a new option (MCalibrateData.ScaleFactor) allows
     to introduce an additional scale factor (should be around 1)
     to adapt for slight deviations in different extractors from
     the MC calibration. For MC calibrations the scale factor
     is fixed to 1

   - callisto: MFCosmics should handle very high signals a bit
     more accurate now

   - callisto: when calculating the mean pedestal rms for different
     pixel sizes or sectors also kUnsuitableEvt is now taken into
     account - not only kUnsuitableRun

   - callisto: '-raw' option is now the default
   
   - callisto: A dead pixel check has been implemented in MJPedestalC2.
     This has the advantage that mean values in the calibration (eg
     arrival times) are calculated more accuratly.

   - callisto: In the resource file callisto_Dec04Jan05.rc
     MJPedestalY2.ExtractWinRight has been reduced from 4.0 to 2.0

   - callisto: new Hi-/Lo-Gain intercalibration constants
     hilocalib_sp1.root and hilocalib_sp1_mc.root

   - callisto: changed default for MJPedestalY2.MaxEvents
     from 2000 to 5000 like in callisto_Dec04Jan05.txt

   - callisto: in MCalibrationChargeCalc the limit fgPheErrLowerLimit
     has changed from 9.0 to 6.0. This is necessary to exclude two very
     ringing pixels in September which - when kept - destroy the image
     cleaning around them (Markus G.)

   - callisto: (!) The Muon analysis of all data taken so far has
     suggested that different extractors give slightly different
     absolute results after calibration, due to there different
     handling of the calibration- and cosmics pulse shape. Although
     the over all calibration seems to be a bit to pesimistic (or 
     the MC seems to be a little bit - 3-5% - too much attenuated).
     There for correction factors have been introduced which correct
     the calibration constants by
         0.956937799 for Digital Filter (callisto.rc)
     and
         0.904159132 for Spline (callisto_Dec04Jan05.rc)
     calibration. The main advantage is, that both data types can
     be easily analysed together and compared to the same MC sample.
     The factors are choosen such, that the reference is now a 
     Monte Carlo sample calibrated with Digital Filter (callisto.rc)

   - star: fixed a bug which caused the first bin of the histograms
     vs time to disapear in PostProcess. This gave wrong results
     on the screen. The output and all following programs not
     directly accessing the histograms haven't been affected

   - star, ganymed: Made sure that always the first Drive-tree event
     is read and Processed before the first data event was read.

   - ganymed: implemented the possibility to replace the standard 
     false source plot with a different one. For example: If
     you want to use a Disp based FS plot use the resource:
       NameHistFS: MHDisp
     For details about the requirements of these plots look
     at the corresponding classes

   - MJOptimize: For On/Off and Wobble optimization MJOptimize
     has been replaced by MJOptimizeCuts. To use MHThetaSq instead
     of MHAlpha call MJOptimizeCuts("MHThetaSq"). Make sure in this
     case MAlphaFitter is setup correctly. For On-Only optimization
     MJOptimize has been Replaced by MJOptimizeCuts, too. Call
     RunOn() instead of Run(). For energy estimation MJOptimize
     has been replaced by MJOptimizeEnergy

   - sponde: The input MC spectrum can now be weighted to fake a
     different spectrum. This is done via MMcSpectrumWeight. For
     more details see the class description and sponde.rc

   - sponde: The paremeter comparsion plots are not scaled by
     their entries anymore. Instead the MC plot is scaled by using
     the result spectrum of the analysis. If the input MC spectrum
     and the result spectrum has different slopes the absolut 
     normalization is normally wrong.



 *** Version 0.9.2 (2005/05/20)

   - general: Changed the default paths for calibrated data and image
     files. (The implemented access to these files doesn't yet exist)

   - general: support for MRunIter has been removed from the job classes
     (use the setter functions of MSeqeunce instead)

   - general: ProcessFile has been renamed to Process in all job classes,
     because ProcessFile is missleading

   - general: The storage of the palette in MHCamera is now possible

   - general: new bits describing unsuitable and unreliable pixels have
     been introduced in MBadPixelsPix: kPreviouslyExcluded, 
     kDeadPedestalRms, kFluctuatingArrivalTimes

   - general: fixed reading of CC-REPORTS (weather data) for Arehucas file
     versions newer than V200404070 

   - general: support for cc file versions newer than V200504130. Added
     support for active loads (MCameraActiveLoad) and central pixel
     (MCameraCentralPixel)

   - general: added new histograms for image parameters versus size
     (MHVsSize)

   - general: The eventloop now automatically calls PrintStatistics

   - Status Display: Improved support for printing:
     + A default can now be set in .rootrc (for more details see 
       MStatusDisplay::PrintPS)
     + A print dialog is opened so that printer and command line
       can be canged

   - showlog: improved such that it handles different verbosity levels
     more accurate now. This mean you can suppress output when
     using showlog.

   - showplot: improved
     + The new graphics formats have been implemented 
       (pdf, svg, png, jpg and xpm)
     + Implemented an interface for printing. Because you can change
       the printing command from the command line you can use all
       the nice postscript tool. To print a booklet for example call: 
       showplot -b --print --print-cmd="cat %f" filename.root | lpr
       showplot -b --print --print-cmd="psbook %f | psnup -2 | lpr" filename.root
       showplot -b --null --print --print-cmd="psbook %f" filename.root > book.ps

   - callisto: fixed a bug in the recognition of the calibration bit
     pattern. Concerns only intensity calibration. (The strength of the 
     intensity has been updated in some cases)

   - callisto: add a filter against PIN Diode events when running over
     calibration runs since some of the recent calibration runs have
     been taken with Pin Diode.

   - callisto: added support for the runs 39942, 39944, 44834, 39941,
     39943, 44833 in the calibration (MCalibColorSet)

   - callisto: MJCalibration.MHCalibrationChargeCam.ProbLimit has
     been set to 1e-18 in callisto_Dec04_Jan05.rc

   - callisto: in callisto_Dec04Jan05.rc: set value for 
     MJPedestalY2.MaxEvents from 2000 to 5000 to get better 
     statistics for the calculation of the mean pulse time 
     of the cosmisc
       
   - callisto: the charge limit in the calibration has been raised 
     from 2.5 to 4.5

   - callisto: new setup read from callisto.rc
     + MCalibCalcFromPast.fNumEventsDump
     + MHCalibrationChargeCam.NumHiGainSaturationLimit
     + MHCalibrationChargeCam.NumLoGainSaturationLimit

   - callisto: MExtractTimeAndChargeSpline extractor:
     + The integration ranges were shifted by 0.2 FADC slices to the right. 
     + unreliable handling of floating point values caused different
       results on different platform or with different compiler options:
       The new algorithm is numerically exact and more accurate because
       it doesn't calculate the integration position by multiple times
       adding the step-size (which results in numerical uncertanties
       exspecially if multiplied with large numbers)
     + A lot of fixes have been introduced which effects integrating the
       spline at the edges of the valid range. In this case any memory
       was randomly accessed. This behaviour can be tested replacing
       all MArrayF by TArrayF which perform a range check (but of course
       they are a lot slower)
     ! No result obtained with the Spline before can be trusted! Due to
       random memory access it might by completely random!

   - callisto: set new defaults in MExtractTimeAndChargeDigitalFilter:
     + extraction range in the high gain to 4.
     + weights file to cosmics_weights46.dat

   - callisto:
     + introduce the check for fluctuating arrival times.
     + set charge limit to from 2.5 to 4.5
     + introduce asymmetric exclusion due to "deviating number of phes":
       Default: -9.0 +4.5
     + make deviating number of phes unsuitable (see David's findings).

   - callisto: fixed the display of unsuitable pixels. The old change
     to a real profile in MHCamera broke it.

   - callisto: The cosmics filter is used in MJCalibration now 
     independant of the pulser color (formaly it was used only for 
     CT1-pulser data). The threshold of number of max empty pixels 
     has been raised from 2% to 5% in MJCalibration. The maximum
     fraction of rejected event is 50% otherwise the calibration has
     failed. The filter now ignores unsuitable pixels.
     Setup the filter from callisto.rc using "ContCosmics"
     (see MFCosmics::ReadEnv)

   - callisto: changed default for fgOffsetFromLogain back
     from -2.8 to -1.8 in digital filter. 

   - callisto: for the common extractors 
      + MExtractFixedWindow
      * MExtractTimeAndChargeSlidingWindow
      * MExtractTimeAndChargeSpline
      * MExtractTimeAndChargeDigitalFilter
     the hi- and lo-gain reolution is stored in fResolutionPerPheHiGain
     and fResolutionPerPheLoGain

   - callisto: Updated the hi-/lo-gain intercalibration constants
     hilocalib_sp1.root, hilocalib_df46_mc.root, hilocalib_df4.root, 
     hilocalib_df6.root

   - callisto: The default lo-gain extraction window for the
     MExtractTimeAndChargeSlidingWindow extractor has been increased 
     from 6 to 8 to take the stretch of the pusle into account

   - callisto (!!!): fixed an important bug in the setting of the 
     incoming pedestal pointer to the signal extractor extracting
     pedestals. This bug caused the pedestals not to be subtracted 
     correctly in the calibration afterwards. The effect was about 10% 
     too high conversion factors for the digital filter and the spline
     and more than 40% for the sliding window. 
     The bug existed since end of February! (Markus G.)

   - star: added muon support to star. A new tab "MHMuonPar" is
     displayed. The lower right plot is an estimate of the point spread
     function. A reference value is displayed. To get the real PSF
     you must compare with MC. The setup for the muon analysis
     is done in star.rc. More informations can be found in
     MHSingleMuon and MHCalibParCalc

   - star: The weather data is now displayed in star

   - star: MEventRateCalc handles the calculation of the event rate more
     accurate now in case of the start of a new run inside a sequence

   - ganymed: a bug in MSrcPosCalc has been fixed (The changes were taken
     from a bugfix of Wolfgang to Loc0LocToCam; Wolfgang: the results are
     changed only minimally

   - ganymed: (MJCut and MJOptimize) now displayes the number of 
     excess events versus size. The energy estimation is done in
     MJSpectrum (sponde)

   - ganymed: got support for using other variables than Alpha, eg. Theta.
     Therefor you need a class deriving from MHAlpha which supports
     this variable (one is already existing: MHTheta, which is now the
     default in ganymed). It is setup through ganymed.rc

   - added a full featured spectrum program (sponde) which reads
     ganymed output and monte carlos and compiles a spectrum



 *** Version 0.9.1 (2005/04/14)

   - Fix bug on the arrival time reconstruction when using Digital
     Filter (in some marginal cases (10%) times were reconstructed shifted
     by 0.2 slices)

   - all executables now return 2 where in previous versions -1 has
     been returned (gave problems with shell-scripts)

   - the Hi-/Lo-Gain intercalibration for monte carlo files is now
     also done with a intercalibration input file

   - a bug in the time fine adjustment of the digital filter has been fixed

   - a lot of small fixes to calling TPad::Divide with a margin==0

   - MStatusDisplay now shows the memory usage

   - added a memory leak statistic after the eventloop

   - MHadronness replaced by MParameterD

   - MEnergyEst replaced by MParameterD

   - wobble mode can now be switched on from the data-set

   - switched on bad pixel detection for a pedestal level
     which is more than 5 times the variance

   - Fixed default paths to be correct for the new data center

   - Fixed handling of drive data. The pointing position in now
     copied to MPointingPos inside star for real and MC events

   - made sure, that the sequences in a dataset are sorted by
     their number to ensure the correct synchronization

   - added all resource files necessary to handle spline extraction
     of signal for the late 2004 and the early 2005 data

   - update the reference lines for the december data

   - changed default for fgHiGainFirst from 2 to 0 in spline extractor
     This is important for the Dec. and Jan. data where the calibration
     pulse position changes much.

   - changed default for fgOffsetFromLogain from -1.8 to -2.8 in digital
     filter. This corrects only an defective extraction of the MC at 
     low-gain signals lower than 90 phes.

   - fixed some slowdown in calibrating data with interleaved events from
     Jan and Dec. As a workaround made the pretty palette the default. 
     The inverse Deep Blue Sea has a bug which slows down long calibration
     runs a lot.

   - implemented new values from new starguider report as defined
     in TDAS00-07 V7.1 (eg SkyBrighness)

   - Fixed the formerly wrong unit of azimuth and zenith angle deviation
     in starguider report (If you merpp the same reports with this version
     you'll get the correct units (arcmin) but a different result
     than with old versions (wrong units))

   - Now the status display can also write PNG, JPEG and XPM (other file
     formats are still unsupported by root)

   - added a lot of scripts and macros in directory datacenter used
     for automatic processing



 *** Version 0.9 (2005/03/23)
   
   - Calibration is now done autmatically into photo-electrons like 
     decided by the Collaboration Board
 
   - Reference lines in the display can be read from resource file

   - Interlaced calibration events can be handled by callisto 

   - Hi-Gain vs. Lo-Gain calibration constants can be calculated
     and applied in callisto.

   - class MJCalibTest can be called by callisto

   - callisto can now run with three data types: rawdata, rootdata, MC

   - added two classes mreport/MReportStarguider.cc and 
     mreport/MReportStarguider.h for implementing starguider-data
     
   - the output of merpp-update now contains starguider information:
     MReportStarguider and MTimeStarguider
   
   - Fixed bug in MHHadronness.cc which made that the displayed Q-factor 
     values were lower than they should. This was more visible for high
     energy (Size) events.

   - Made MExtractTimeAndChargeDigitalFilter the default for callisto

   - added a new loop to callisto to support the correct extraction of 
     the pedestal and pedestal rms through the signal extractor

   - added class to perform fourier tranformation of a hexagonal structure
     (MHexagonalFT)

   - added class to perform fourier tranformation of a hexagonal structure
     in a tasklist (MHexagonalFTCalc) example: hft.C

   - added class to enhance the MCerPhotEvt from the Magic camera geometry
     MGeomCamMagic to a enhanced geometry MGeomCamMagicXT having only
     small pixels, example: extendcam.C

   - added possibility to write data to memory (TTree) using MWriteRootFile

   - added possibility to read a TTree stored only in memory by MReadTree

   - new classes to deal with the interleaved calibration events:
     MTriggerPattern, MTriggerPatternDecode and MFTriggerPattern

   - implemented filters to callisto to skip calibration events

   - changed callisto to calculate three kinds of pedestals and pedestal rms:
     + fundamental pedestal (MPedPhotFundamental): extracted directly from
       the slices by statistics                              
     + pedestal from extractor (MPedPhotFromExtractor): extracted with the
       signal extractor without randomization
     + random pedestal from extractor (MPedPhotFromExtractorRndm): extracted
       with the signal extractor with randomization (extraction window is 
       randomly fixed)
     The three kind of pedestal is not yet implemented (for speed reasons) as
     long as nobody really needs it:
     + pedestal from extractor with randomizatiuon (MPedPhotFromExtractorRndm): 
       extracted with the signal extractor with randomization

    - callisto now finds the pulse position in the data automatically

    - implemented data reduction in calibrated data by reducing the precision
      of the stored floating point values (pedestal, rms and signal) to
      roughly 0.5%

    - fixed showplot to make file format conversion (eg. converting a
      status display stored in a root file into a postscript file) in
      batch mode possible:
      showplot -b --save-as-ps[=outfile.ps] infile.root

    - Allow class names as part of filter rules, eg
      (MFSupercuts) && (MHillas.fSize>100)

    - fixed a lot of stuff to allow all programs to process MonteCarlo
      camera files.

    - enhanced possibility to debug reading of resource file

    - MDataChain should handle priorities of operator more 
      accurate now

    - completely revised the container in which the signal is stored
      MCerPhotEvt/Pix, MArrivalTime --> MSignalCam/Pix
       * the new implementation is faster and
       * needs less storage space

    - FIRST version which can process Monte Carlos through the 
      whole chain of programs (callisto, star, etc)

    - implemented new image parameters for the border length of
      the shower image (MNewImagePar2)

    - implemented wobble-mode in ganymed

    - new class (MJOptimize) taking care of all optimization processes



 *** Version 0.8.6 (2004/10/05)

   - New combined signal and time extractor 
     MExtractTimeAndChargeDigitalFilter

   - The Report for the trigger section in the CC run summary has been
     updated, and now the IPRs (Individual Pixel Rates) are available.

   - new macros for database interaction: filldotrun.C, filldotrbk.C

   - added new program which can convert colored output which was redirected
     into a file back into colored text (for example to display it with
     more): showlog

   - added new program to display an MStatusArray of plots (stored with
     MStatusDisplay) from a file: showplot

   - Added support for Sequences (MSequence). Sequences are blocks of run
     files containing the same calibration and belonging to the same 
     source

   - Added a new task (MTaskEnv) which can be used in setup files to switch
     between different tasks (for example to choose a signal extractor)

   - Implemented automatic file splitting in MWriteRootFile

   - After image cleaning an island index is assigned to all used pixels.
     The index corresponds to the order of the islands in size.

   - added a cleaning which takes signal height _and_ arrival time into
     account: probability cleaning (for more details see MImgCleanStd)

   - added a cleaning which takes takes the absolute number of photons
     times the area ratio as cleaning level 
     (for more details see MImgCleanStd)

   - Changed calculation of image parameters such, that it can be done
     for all used pixels or the pixels with a defined island index only

   - implemented new image parameters displaying the number of islands,
     saturated hi-gain and lo-gain pixels (MImagePar, MHImagePar)

   - event display in executable changed to support also calibrated files
     (done with MJCalibrateSignal)

   - added program doing the calibration and the signal extraction
     and signal calibration: callisto Most part of the setup is done
     by a resource file: callisto.rc

   - implemented support for pixels with negative IDs (Raw file format
     version 4)

   - implemented an new option in merpp (--auto-time) to get the time
     range for cc and/or caco data from the run header of the raw data

   - New star-program (star and MJStar). Taking calibrated data from
     callisto/MJCalibrateSignal as input. The setup is done through
     a resource file: star.rc

   - Added possibility to setup the eventloop in the mars-executable
     Camera Display by a resource file: mars.rc

   - The the mars-executable Camera Display can now also read
     calibrated data files written by callisto/MJCalibrateSignal

   - Added a new class which can calculate the source position in
     the camera from a pointing model known to be correct and
     the pointing model used for observations (MSrcPosFromModel)

   - added a new version of the class calculating the effective on-time
     MHEffectiveOnTime. It unifies the old classes MHEffOnTime, 
     MHEffOnTimeTime, MHEffOnTimeTheta, MHTimeDiff, MHTimeDiffTime and
     MHTimeDiffTheta.

   - added the possibility to count how often a signal is above (or 
     below) a certain threshold in MHCamEvent and MHCamEventRot (this
     can replace MHTriggerLvl0)

   - added ore convinient ways to set the axis-titles of your histograms
     in your macro to some MH-classes like: MH3, MHVsTime, MHSectorVsTime,
     MHPixVsTime, MHVsTime, MHCamEvent and MHCamEventRot



 *** Version 0.8.5 (2004/08/06)
 
   - new Signal Extractors: MExtractFixedWindowSpline 
     and MExtractAmplitudeSpline

   - implementes interleave in merpp to be able to merpp parts of a file

   - implemented force-functionality to merpp

   - star display to display star catalogs (MAstroCatalog)

   - star display to 'mirror' stars to the camera (MAstroCamera)

   - implemented a new cleaning option which allows cleaning scaled with
     the real ratio of the rms depending on the pixel size, not only the
     square root of the pixelsize (MImgCleanStd, MCameraData)

   - removed obsolete MBlind* classes

   - Signal extractor taking the AB flag into account implemented (this makes
     an odd number of slices for signal extraction possible
     (MExtractSignalABcorr)

   - implemented a class extracting the pedestal from the raw-data (events)
     itself using empty lo-gain (MpedCalcFromLoGain)

   - Added mean values to MPedPhotCam

   - Added Makefile for Darwin (this OS is NOT officially supported!)



 *** Version 0.8.4 (2004/04/19)

   - new fast arrival time extractor using cubic splines: 
     MExtractTimeFastSpline

   - implementes multi-argument support in MDataChain
     ("pow(a, b)")

   - implemented double reference support in MDataChain
     ("MCameraLV.fPowerSupplyA.fVoltagePos5V")

   - added support in MF for expressiond like 
     "MHillas.fWidth<2*<MHillas.fLength"

   - MDataChain is now able to support variables like [0], [1], ...
     which can be used in fit functions as parameters. The interface
     is implemented through the new virtual function 
     MParContainer::SetVariables

   - added new class MArrivalTimeCam/MArrivalTimePix:
     Storage containers to hold the ArrivalTime of the camera/pixel

   - added new classes for the calibration of relative arrival times:
     MCalibrationRelTimePix and MCalibrationRelTimeCam
  
   - added new classes to extract the signal of the blind pixel and the 
     PIN Diode separately: MExtractBlindPixel and MExtractPINDiode

   - added new classes for the bad-pixels treatment (MBadPixels*)
     which are more powerfull than the old ones (MBlindPixel*)
     and will replace them.

   - added filter against cosmics: MFCosmics

   - added new class MArrivalTimeCalc2:
     Calculates the arrival time as the signal weighted mean of the time 
     slices in the maximum window

   - added a new macro call pointspreadfucntion.C that fits with a 2D 
     gaussian the DC spot for an star. It gives you the RMS of
     the PSF and the center of the star, very useful for misspointing 
     studies.

   - added support for multi-telescope camera files. Added classes 
     MStereoCalc and MStereoPar, classes to calculate and store shower
     parameters calculated from the data of two telescopes, for the MC
     studies regarding the MAGIC clone.

   - added MMcCalibrationCalc, MMcCalibrationUpdate, classes to obtain
     MC data calibrated in photons instead of ADC counts.

   - added three macros to show the calibration and analysis chain of 
     MC data. The macro starmc.C does both calibration and analysis, producing
     an output containing Hillas parameters for each event. The macro 
     mccalibrate.C does just the calibration and writes out a file containing
     pixel information in photons instead of FADC data. The macro starmc2.C
     reads in such a file and produces an output with Hillas parameters.

   - added MPedPhotCalc to compute pedestals in units of photons, see
     macro pedphotcalc.C

   - added all class to perform the calibration, see macro calibration.C

   - added class MFFT to perform Fast Fourier Transforms

   - added class MSimulatedAnnealing to perform simulated annealing 
     minimizations

   - added new macro bootcampstandardanalysis.C which holds the skeleton
     of the analysis chain discussed in the december bootcamp. 

   - added support for DAQ raw data file format V2

   - implemented an arbitrary time stamp for the events from raw-data
     files with file version<3. It is calculated from the run number, 
     the date of start and the FADC clock tick from the first module

   - implemented the correct decoding of the event time-stamp
     coming from the DAQ for raw-data files with file-version>2

   - added a new classes storing the pedestals in units of photons: 
     MPedPhotPix, MPedPhotCam

   - added support for DC current files from the camera control

   - added support for start- and stop-time when merpping report files

   - added MReportCC storing the weather data from the CC-REPORT

   - added class to fill trainings and test matrices (MTFillMatrix)

   - added a filter performing a software trigger (MFSoftwareTrigger)

   - Added classes to perform parts of the standard analysis (Jobs):
     + MJPedestals
     + MJCalibration
     + MJExtractSignal
     Note: All of them are preliminary!

   - Added Iterator to iterate over files giving only the run-number

   - Added class (MHSectorVsTime) and example (sectorvstime.C) to plot
     the evolution of a sector vs time



 *** Version 0.8.3 (2003/12/05)

   - adapted Random Forest classes to allow the use with MC
     multi-telescope files which can be produced with the coming
     camera version 0.7.

   - added classes to read and interprete central control report files
     (Directory: mreport, Base-Class: MReport, Reader: MReportFileRead, ...)

   - enhanced merpp (the executable) to support .raw and .rep files.

   - added classes for light calibration (MCalibration* and 
     MHCalibration*) by Markus Gaug. Further work has to be and will
     be done soon.

   - Added a preliminary 'synchronizer' (MReadReports) which will 
     replace MReadMarsFile as soon as it is finished.

   - Added a tutorial macro demonstrating how report files are merpped
     and how they can be read from the root file in the correct order
     of time (readrep.C)

   - Added a generalized histogram (similar to MH3) called MVsTime
     which allows to plot variables (or rules - MDataChain - of
     variables) vs time. For an example have a look at tempvstime.C.

   - Changed the name of the event trees:
       + Events    --> Events
       + PedEvents --> Pedestals
       + CalEvents --> Calibration

  - changed name of MTime in the event trees from MRawEvtTime to MTime

  - added displaying the sector indices to the mars event display

  - Magic Online Analysis (MOnA) implemented in a first version
    (see mona.cc, MOnlineDump and MOnlineDisplay)

  - added classes to calculate event rate
    (preliminary: MEventRateCalc, MEventRate)

  - added new executable 'readdaq' to read *.raw files from the DAQ directly

  - added classes dealing with the telescope pointing position (MPointing*)

  - implemented the 'final' Mars time stamp based on some experiences with
    the new 'Synchonizer'



 *** Version 0.8.2 (2003/11/10)

   - accelerated standard analysis by a factor of 6-8 ...
     + doing precalculations in MGeomCam for the pixel area ratio
     + creating a look up table for the single pixels in MCerPhotEvt

   - added task to calculates weights in case you want to 'change'
     the energy spectrum of a monte carlo file 
     (MMcWeightEnergySpecCalc - Great work from Marcos Lopez Moya)

   - added a new executable star which implements the
     star.C macro as precompiled executable. Currently a flexible
     setup is not possible, but a 'input card' setup will follow.

   - Starting to implement Multi-Telescope-Support based on the 
     upcomming camera version 0.7. The base for a general support
     is implemented and the star-functionality is proven to work.

   - Replaced Event-Display in and Camera-Display in the Mars GUI
     executable by a more convinient display base on MStatusDisplay.

   - fixed the algorithm for the blind pixel treatment (MBlindPixelCalc)



 *** Version 0.8.1 (2003/10/20)
   
   - added signal subtraction for pure on data by means of fitting
     the background in the off region or by performing a combined
     signal/background fit. Provides necessary histograms for
     obtaining energy spectra and a light curve.

   - added classes to perform and study the selection of the 
     2nd Level Trigger on MC data (example in triglvl2.C macro)

   - added pedestal calculation

   - implemented "democratic cleaning" (tail cut value proportional 
     to pixel area) according to Wolfgang's suggestion.

   - added Sigmabar treatment (calculation and basic histogramming)

   - added basic routines to apply padding

   - added first implementation of MARS-based source visibility plotter
     (needs to be linked against slalib, preliminary version)

   - enhanced functionality of data chains: random numbers, conversion
     functions and access to MHMatrix objects
   
   - fixed some bugs in the CT1 Preproc file reader, which gave wrong
     numbers under certain circumstances (runs with 0 events included)

   - fixed a bug in the general filter MF (didn't work on some systems
     at all)
   
   - fixed a bug in chaining files, which caused the analysis to crash or
     ignore files

   - implemented more geometry classes describing the parameters used
     to simulate the PMT camera

   - added new Monte Carlo classes containing the setup of the different
     programs in the MC chain.

   - added a (preliminary) general task to evaluate chi-square of a given
     parameter in an eventloop.

   - first implementation of a container describing the observatory
     location (Long, Lat, etc)
   
   - added Random Forest - method for g/h-separation

   - made compatible with the latest PRO version of root (3.04/02 and 3.05/07)
     (this means, that it is compiling, but not yet fully tested)

   - added a new status display which can show the present status
     of histograms while an eventloop is running (MStatusDisplay,
     an example can be found at status.C)

   - reorganized directories:
     classes describing the image              --> mimage
     classes containing Monte Carlo Histograms --> mhistmc
     classes for Random Forest method          --> mranforest

   - added (event-)weights to fill histograms

   - colors in logging output to screen

   - changes to the Image Parameter declaration:
       + moved fConc, fConc1 from MHillasSrc to MNewImagePar
       + moved fNumUsedPix, fNumCorePix from MHillas to MNewImagePar
       + MHillasExt now derives from MParContainer instead of MHillas
     --> Files written with the old definition are more or less unreadable

   - reading of reflector files

   - display data from reflector files in the camera

   - implemented currents (and display them in the camera)

   - logarithmic scale in camera

   - added class to iterate through directory contents (MDirIter)



 *** Version 0.8 (2002/11/18)

   - added all subdirectories as Include-Paths for ACLIC (s. rootlogon.C)

   - corrected 48(!) wrong entries in the Next Neighbor table of the
     Magic Camera (all in the inner part of the outer ring, mostly 
     missing a single NN)

   - Fixed a bug in the table describing the Next Neighbours of the
     CT1 camera (a pixel 127 doesn't exist and the pixel 126 didn't
     have any neighbour)

   - changed trigrate.C: now it calculates the pure NSB triggers from
     a camera file (generated with no showers), so there is no need
     to introduce them by hand in the BgR array (for more details
     please ask Abelardo)

   - added MHHadronness (and MHadronness) as a general facility to evaluate
     the quality of a gamma-hadron seperation method

   - changed MWriteAsciiFile to accept rules (MDataChain)

   - Calls to MWriteAsciiFile::AddContainer and MWriteAsciiFile::AddRule
     must be replaced by calles to MWriteAsciiFile::AddColumn and
     MWriteAsciiFile::AddColumns. Be carefull, the arguments have slightly
     changed.

   - Implemented generalized event-matrices (one row per event)
     (MHMatrix)

   - implemented the one dimensional composite probabilities
     (MHCompProb, MCompProbCalc, comprob.C)

   - implemented the Multidimensional Distances (Next Neighbours, Kernel)
     (MMultiDimDistCalc, multidimdist.C, multidimdist2.C, MHMatrix)

   - Added a camera display displaying the pixel numbers to the
     event display gui.

   - Added Monte Carlo Informations to event display gui

   - Changed the camera display to display the pixel numbering
   
   - Added three buttons to the camera display to change the palette

   - Added the number of used and core pixels after image cleaning
     to MHillas

   - Changed the algorithm used in MHillas according to TDAS 02-03

   - Changed the Alpha range according to TDAS 02-03 to [-90°,90°]

   - Changed the algorithm used in MHillasSrc according to TDAS 02-03

   - Added fCosDeltaAlpha to MHillasSrc

   - The numbers of photons used to calculate fConc and fConc1 in
     MHillasExt are now scaled with the pixel size, so that one get
     a four times smaller value for the bigger pixels in the outer ring.

   - added new task to smooth the camera contents (MCameraSmooth)

   - added possibility to use interpolated pixel values for blind pixels
     instead of removing it completely from the analysis

   - Implemented the possibility to save the whole eventloop with
     its setup to a file. This information can be read and from
     it you can (re)create a Macro. See MEvtLoop::Read, MEvtLoop::Write
     and MEvtLoop::MakeMacro. If you find something not working, please
     report - this stuff is still in a beta phase.

   - MBlindPixelCalc set all Ceta-Tauri pixels to unused not only for the
     file having crab starfield, but also for all following files - fixed

   - MTaskList::PrintStatistics can now be instructud to print also the
     title, too: use PrintStatistics(0, kTRUE)

   - Changed the image cleaning so that pixels with to many 'used'
     neighbors are left used (to get rid of 'holes' in events)

   - Introduced more output to the camera displays

   - Added an array of histograms (eg one hist per run), MHArray

   - Added a _preliminary_ version of the reader for CT1 PreProc files
     (MCT1ReadPreProc)

   - Fixed the error calculation of MHMCollectionArea and MHMcIntRate
     (thanks to Raquel)

   - added the first energy estimator (MEnergyEstParam, estimate.C,
     estfit.C) using a parametrization

   - Added some new Monte Carlo paremeter containers used to store
     setup information from the MC chain (MMcConfigRunHeader, 
     MMcCorsikaRunHeader, MGeomPMT, MGeomMirror)



 *** Version 0.7 (2002/04/30)
 
   - added a bugfix to MCerPhotCalc. In older camera versions (<=40)
     the pedestal mean value was saved incorrectly. For files from
     this versions we substract 0.5 from the pedestal mean.
     WARNING: This may effect your results, so don't wonder...

   - First implementation of an algorithm using only triggered events
     for the collection area calculation

   - Ascii Output can now also be used for parameter containers which
     doesn't overload MParCointainer::AsciiWrite

   - The Ascii Output is now also capable of writing single data members
     of one container

   - You are now able to change the order of the values written to the
     ascii file

   - You can now specify a conversion factor for each data member written
     to an ascii file. This may be usefull to change the units of the 
     data member (eg. degrees instead of millimeters in case of the 
     hillas parameters)

   - Replaced old MHillas by a new structure which allows you to extend
     the parameters stored in MHillas very easily:
     see MHillas and MHillasExt

   - Added classes to handle source dependancy of image parameters:
     see MHillasSrc

   - Added container (MBinning) to have a standard input for the binning
     in different histograms (eg. the Energy bins should be the same in
     all histograms)

   - Changed Hillas histograms from mm to deg

   - Added the flexible binning to the hillas histograms

   - Added a filter for the alpha parameter (MFAlpha)

   - It is now possible to write single data members of a class object to
     an output stream instead of the whole container only

   - Added a generalized filter for a data member:
     MFDataMember filter("MHillas.fWidth", '<', 0.5);

   - Added a generalized Filter parser for more difficult filter rules
     MF filter("MHillas.fWidth<0.5 && MHillas.fLength>0.5");

   - Added new Monte Carlo histograms:
     MHMcEnergyImpact and MHMcEfficiency

   - Added many new histograms needed for the flux calculation.

   - Added a generalized histograms which can fill and show up to three
     data members in either a one-, two- or three-dimensional histogram, eg:
     MH3 mh3("MHillas.fWidth", "MHillas.fLength");

   - Added:
       * calculation of <Theta> as a function of Theta (MHThetabarTheta)
       * calculation of <Theta> as a function of time (MHThetabarTime)
     they are needed in the flux calculation in 
     order to select for a given bin in Theta (or time) the appropriate 
     effective collection area, which is assumed to be given as a function 
     of Theta and the true energy

   - Added calculation of the migration matrix in the energy 
     (MHMcEnergyMigration):
     the migration matrix describes the migration from the true (E_true)
     to the estimated energy (E_est); it is needed to determine the
     distribution of E_true from the measured distribution of E_est 
     by unfolding

   - changed the color palette in the camera display to DeapSea.



 *** Version 0.6 (2002/01/15)

   - Introduce the option of disable pixels (MBlindPixels and
     MBlindPixelCalc) for the analysis (eg MHillasCalc) to be 
     able to deal with Star Field NSB.

   - Fixed a bug in the pedestals substraction

   - Introduced verbosity levels

   - Introduced a task (MReadMarsFile) which reads the RunHeader tree, too.

   - Fixed several bugs in MFTriggerLvl1 which caused to filter not to
     work correctly (thanks to Abelardo)

   - Introduced correct treatment of the diffuse Night Sky Background 
     and NSB (MMcPedestalNSB)

   - Corrected treatment of the electronic noise (MMcPedestalCopy)

   - Introduced MMcRunHeaders which contains monte carlo run informations

   - Added a 'Print'-Task (MPrint) which calls the Print function
     of a parameter container for each event

   - Removed MHtml (was replaced by THtml of root 3.02) in dohtml.C

   - changes to be more efficient with root 3.02/06

   - root 3.02/06 fixes:
     + the memory leak when reading MRawEvtData
     + loosing more time than necessary to update the progress bar

   - MWriteAsciiFile is now capable of writing more than one container
     in a line. For example: To be able to write Monte Carlo and 
     Hillas values (energy and alpha) in one line.



 *** Version 0.5 (2001/11/06)

   - Added new GUI functionality (Analysis)

   - Added a camera display to be able to display events in the camera
     together with the calculated hillas ellipse

   - Added a 'Clone'-Task (MClone) which can clone a parameter container
     object at any state of the analysis, so that the output are several
     states

   - Fixed a bug in the collection area error calculation 
     (Thanks to Ciro and Abelardo)

   - Fixed a bug which causes merpp to crash in some environments

   - Implemented auto enabling scheme for Branches to speed up reading
     a lot (see MReadTree and MTask)

   - Fixed a bug in the Histogram classes which caused histograms to
     be written to a file by MWriteRootFile without request

   - changed the object I/O from the old stylish root I/O to the new
     'auto evolution scheme' This was done only for classes which are not
     yet used in Monte Carlo files, so that these files are still readable.

   - Added support for a progress bar in MEvtLoop and MReadTree 
     (see the Analysis Window in Mars for an example)

   - Fixed a bug in the package creation which disturbed the conversion
     between a mars version unpacked from a tar file and the repository.

   - Changed the code to writer merpped (converted into root format)
     raw files, to get faster (around 10%)



 *** Version 0.4 (2001/09/20)

    - This release is made to compile on a root version >= 3.00

    - Fixed a bug which causes MReadTree to read the first file only

    - Added a task to compute the trigger rate (MMcTriggerRateCalc)
 
    - Added a task to write a container to an Ascii file (MWriteAsciiFile)

    - Added a task to write several container to a root file (MWriteRootFile)
    
    - Added calculation of the Enegry Threshold (MMcThresholdCalc)
    
    - Added calculation of the collection area (MMcCollectionAreaCalc)
    
    - fixed some bugs in the Hillas calculation
    
    - added filters to be able to control the task execution dependent on
      a parameter (for example: the number of level 1 triggers in a MC-file)



 *** Version 0.3 (2001/04/23)
        
    - Many demo macros added    
  
    - MCT1ReadAscii is now able to handle more than one file (s. ::AddFile)
    
    - Hillas Calculation added
    
    - Standard image cleaning available
    
    - MReadTree is now able to handle more than one file
      (Remark: of the same structure)
    
    - Now we are able to display events in a first version of the
      Camera event display. To do this we must run the macro 
      "macros/readCT1.C" to read data from CT1. 



 *** Version 0.2 (2001/01/24)
 
    - First Implementation of a Gui to read the raw data. Start the
      gui with the command mars. 



 *** Version 0.1 (2000/12/20)
 
    - First official release 0.1
    
    - Changes:
    
       + changed calling style of MRawPixelIterator from do...while to 
         while-loop