#ifndef MARS_ofits
#define MARS_ofits

#include <string>
#include <string.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <vector>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <algorithm>

#ifdef __EXCEPTIONS
#include <stdexcept>
#endif

#include "checksum.h"

namespace std
{
// Sloppy:  allow / <--- left
//          allow all characters (see specs for what is possible)

// units: m kg s rad sr K A mol cd Hz J W V N Pa C Ohm S F Wb T Hlm lx

class ofits : public ofstream
{
    struct Key
    {
        string key;
        bool   delim;
        string value;
        string comment;

        off_t offset;   // offset in file

        bool changed;   // For closing the file

        Key(const string &k="") : key(k), delim(false), offset(0), changed(true) { }

        string Trim(const string &str)
        {
            // Trim Both leading and trailing spaces
            const size_t first = str.find_first_not_of(' '); // Find the first character position after excluding leading blank spaces
            const size_t last  = str.find_last_not_of(' ');  // Find the first character position from reverse af

            // if all spaces or empty return an empty string
            if (string::npos==first || string::npos==last)
                return string();

            return str.substr(first, last-first+1);
        }

        bool FormatKey()
        {
            key = Trim(key);
            if (key.size()==0)
            {
#ifdef __EXCEPTIONS
                throw runtime_error("Key name empty.");
#else
                gLog << ___err___ << "ERROR - Key name empty." << endl;
                return false;
#endif
            }
            if (key.size()>8)
            {
                ostringstream sout;
                sout << "Key '" << key << "' exceeds 8 bytes.";
#ifdef __EXCEPTIONS
                throw runtime_error(sout.str());
#else
                gLog << ___err___ << "ERROR - " << sout.str() << endl;
                return false;
#endif
            }

            //transform(key.begin(), key.end(), key.begin(), toupper);

            for (string::const_iterator c=key.begin(); c<key.end(); c++)
                if ((*c<'A' || *c>'Z') && (*c<'0' || *c>'9') && *c!='-' && *c!='_')
                {
                    ostringstream sout;
                    sout << "Invalid character '" << *c << "' found in key '" << key << "'";
#ifdef __EXCEPTIONS
                    throw runtime_error(sout.str());
#else
                    gLog << ___err___ << "ERROR - " << sout.str() << endl;
                    return false;
#endif
                }

            return true;
        }

        bool FormatComment()
        {
            comment = Trim(comment);

            for (string::const_iterator c=key.begin(); c<key.end(); c++)
                if (*c<32 || *c>126)
                {
                    ostringstream sout;
                    sout << "Invalid character '" << *c << "' [" << int(*c) << "] found in comment '" << comment << "'";
#ifdef __EXCEPTIONS
                    throw runtime_error(sout.str());
#else
                    gLog << ___err___ << "ERROR - " << sout.str() << endl;
                    return false;
#endif
                }

            return true;
        }

        bool check()
        {
            if (!FormatKey())
                return false;

            if (!FormatComment())
                return false;

            const size_t sz = CalcSize();
            if (sz>80)
            {
                ostringstream sout;
                sout << "Size " << sz << " of entry for key '" << key << "' exceeds 80 characters.";
#ifdef __EXCEPTIONS
                throw runtime_error(sout.str());
#else
                gLog << ___err___ << "ERROR - " << sout.str() << endl;
                return false;
#endif
            }

            return true;
        }

        size_t CalcSize() const
        {
            if (!delim)
                return 10+comment.size();

            return 10 + (value.size()<20?20:value.size()) + 3 + comment.size();
        }

        string Compile()
        {
            ostringstream sout;
            sout << std::left << setw(8) << key;

            if (!delim)
            {
                sout << "  " << comment;
                return sout.str();
            }

            sout << "= ";
            sout << (value[0]=='\''?std::left:std::right);
            sout << setw(20) << value << std::left;

            if (comment.size()>0)
                sout << " / " << comment;

            return sout.str();
        }

        Checksum checksum;

        void Out(ofstream &fout)
        {
            if (!changed)
                return;

            string str = Compile();
            str.insert(str.end(), 80-str.size(), ' ');

            if (offset==0)
                offset = fout.tellp();

            //cout << "Write[" << offset << "]: " << key << "/" << value << endl;

            fout.seekp(offset);
            fout << str;

            checksum.reset();
            checksum.add(str.c_str(), 80);

            changed = false;
        }
        /*
        void Out(ostream &out)
        {
            string str = Compile();

            str.insert(str.end(), 80-str.size(), ' ');

            out << str;
            changed = false;
        }*/
    };

    vector<Key> fKeys;

    vector<Key>::iterator findkey(const string &key)
    {
        for (auto it=fKeys.begin(); it!=fKeys.end(); it++)
            if (key==it->key)
                return it;

        return fKeys.end();
    }

    bool Set(const string &key="", bool delim=false, const string &value="", const string &comment="")
    {
        // If no delimit add the row no matter if it alread exists
        if (delim)
        {
            // if the row already exists: update it
            auto it = findkey(key);
            if (it!=fKeys.end())
            {
                it->value   = value;
                it->changed = true;
                return true;
            }
        }

        if (fTable.num_rows>0)
        {
            ostringstream sout;
            sout << "No new header key can be defined, rows were already written to the file... ignoring new key '" << key << "'";
#ifdef __EXCEPTIONS
                throw runtime_error(sout.str());
#else
                gLog << ___err___ << "ERROR - " << sout.str() << endl;
                return false;
#endif
        }

        Key entry;

        entry.key     = key;
        entry.delim   = delim;
        entry.value   = value;
        entry.comment = comment;
        entry.offset  = 0;
        entry.changed = true;

        if (!entry.check())
            return false;

        fKeys.push_back(entry);
        return true;
    }

    struct Table
    {
        off_t offset;

        size_t bytes_per_row;
        size_t num_rows;
        size_t num_cols;

        struct Column
        {
            string name;
            size_t offset;
            size_t num;
            size_t size;
            char   type;
        };

        vector<Column> cols;

        Table() : offset(0), bytes_per_row(0), num_rows(0), num_cols(0)
        {
        }
    };


    Table fTable;

    vector<char> fOutputBuffer;

    vector<Table::Column>::iterator findcol(const string &name)
    {
        for (auto it=fTable.cols.begin(); it!=fTable.cols.end(); it++)
            if (name==it->name)
                return it;

        return fTable.cols.end();
    }

    Checksum fDataSum;
    Checksum fHeaderSum;

public:
    ofits()
    {
    }
    ofits(const char *fname) : ofstream()
    {
        this->open(fname);
    }
    ~ofits() { close(); }

    void open(const char * filename)
    {
        fDataSum  = 0;
        fHeaderSum = 0;

        fTable = Table();
        fKeys.clear();

        SetStr("XTENSION", "BINTABLE", "binary table extension");
        SetInt("BITPIX",                     8, "8-bit bytes");
        SetInt("NAXIS",                      2, "2-dimensional binary table");
        SetInt("NAXIS1",                     0, "width of table in bytes");
        SetInt("NAXIS2",                     0, "number of rows in table");
        SetInt("PCOUNT",                     0, "size of special data area");
        SetInt("GCOUNT",                     1, "one data group (required keyword)");
        SetInt("TFIELDS",                    0, "number of fields in each row");
        SetStr("EXTNAME", "", "name of extension table");
        SetStr("CHECKSUM", "0000000000000000", "Checksum for the whole HDU");
        SetStr("DATASUM",  "         0", "Checksum for the data block");

        ofstream::open(filename);
    }


    bool SetBool(const string &key, bool b, const string &comment="")
    {
        return Set(key, true, b?"T":"F", comment);
    }

    bool AddEmpty(const string &key, const string &comment="")
    {
        return Set(key, true, "", comment);
    }

    bool SetStr(const string &key, string s, const string &comment="")
    {
        for (string::iterator c=s.begin(); c<s.end(); c++)
            if (*c=='\'')
                s.insert(c++, '\'');

        return Set(key, true, "'"+s+"'", comment);
    }

    bool SetInt(const string &key, int64_t i, const string &comment="")
    {
        ostringstream sout;
        sout << i;

        return Set(key, true, sout.str(), comment);
    }

    bool SetFloat(const string &key, double f, int p, const string &comment="")
    {
        ostringstream sout;

        if (p<0)
            sout << setprecision(-p) << fixed;
        if (p>0)
            sout << setprecision(p);
        if (p==0)
            sout << setprecision(f>1e-100 && f<1e100 ? 15 : 14);

        sout << f;

        string str = sout.str();

        replace(str.begin(), str.end(), 'e', 'E');

        if (str.find_first_of('E')==string::npos && str.find_first_of('.')==string::npos)
            str += ".";

        return Set(key, true, str, comment);
    }

    bool SetFloat(const string &key, double f, const string &comment="")
    {
        return SetFloat(key, f, 0, comment);
    }

    bool SetHex(const string &key, uint64_t i, const string &comment="")
    {
        ostringstream sout;
        sout << std::hex << "0x" << i;
        return SetStr(key, sout.str(), comment);
    }

    bool AddComment(const string &comment)
    {
        return Set("COMMENT", false, "", comment);
    }

    bool AddHistory(const string &comment)
    {
        return Set("HISTORY", false, "", comment);
    }

    void End()
    {
        Set("END");
        while (fKeys.size()%36!=0)
            fKeys.push_back(Key());
    }

    bool AddColumn(uint32_t cnt, char typechar, const string &name, const string &unit, const string &comment="")
    {
        if (tellp()<0)
        {
            ostringstream sout;
            sout << "File not open... ignoring column '" << name << "'";
#ifdef __EXCEPTIONS
            throw runtime_error(sout.str());
#else
            gLog << ___err___ << "ERROR - " << sout.str() << endl;
            return false;
#endif
        }

        if (tellp()>0)
        {
            ostringstream sout;
            sout << "Header already writtenm, no new column can be defined... ignoring column '" << name << "'";
#ifdef __EXCEPTIONS
            throw runtime_error(sout.str());
#else
            gLog << ___err___ << "ERROR - " << sout.str() << endl;
            return false;
#endif
        }

        if (findcol(name)!=fTable.cols.end())
        {
            ostringstream sout;
            sout << "A column with the name '" << name << "' already exists.";
#ifdef __EXCEPTIONS
            throw runtime_error(sout.str());
#else
            gLog << ___err___ << "ERROR - " << sout.str() << endl;
            return false;
#endif
        }

        typechar = toupper(typechar);

        static const string allow("LABIJKED");
        if (std::find(allow.begin(), allow.end(), typechar)==allow.end())
        {
            ostringstream sout;
            sout << "Column type '" << typechar << "' not supported.";
#ifdef __EXCEPTIONS
            throw runtime_error(sout.str());
#else
            gLog << ___err___ << "ERROR - " << sout.str() << endl;
            return false;
#endif
        }

        ostringstream type;
        type << cnt << typechar;

        fTable.num_cols++;

        ostringstream typekey, formkey, unitkey, unitcom, typecom;
        typekey << "TTYPE" << fTable.num_cols;
        formkey << "TFORM" << fTable.num_cols;
        unitkey << "TUNIT" << fTable.num_cols;
        unitcom << "unit of " << name;

        typecom << "format of " << name << " [";

        switch (typechar)
        {
        case 'L': typecom << "1-byte BOOL]";  break;
        case 'A': typecom << "1-byte CHAR]";  break;
        case 'B': typecom << "1-byte BOOL]";  break;
        case 'I': typecom << "2-byte INT]";   break;
        case 'J': typecom << "4-byte INT]";   break;
        case 'K': typecom << "8-byte INT]";   break;
        case 'E': typecom << "4-byte FLOAT]"; break;
        case 'D': typecom << "8-byte FLOAT]"; break;
        }

        SetStr(formkey.str(), type.str(), typecom.str());
        SetStr(typekey.str(), name,       comment);

        if (!unit.empty())
            SetStr(unitkey.str(), unit, unitcom.str());

        size_t size = 0;

        switch (typechar)
        {
        case 'L': size = 1; break;
        case 'A': size = 1; break;
        case 'B': size = 1; break;
        case 'I': size = 2; break;
        case 'J': size = 4; break;
        case 'K': size = 8; break;
        case 'E': size = 4; break;
        case 'D': size = 8; break;
        }

        Table::Column col;
        col.name   = name;
        col.type   = typechar;
        col.num    = cnt;
        col.size   = size;
        col.offset = fTable.bytes_per_row;

        fTable.cols.push_back(col);

        fTable.bytes_per_row += size*cnt;

        // Align to four bytes
        fOutputBuffer.resize(fTable.bytes_per_row + 4-fTable.bytes_per_row%4);

        return true;
    }

    bool AddColumnShort(uint32_t cnt, const string &name, const string &unit="", const string &comment="")
    { return AddColumn(cnt, 'I', name, unit, comment); }
    bool AddColumnInt(uint32_t cnt, const string &name, const string &unit="", const string &comment="")
    { return AddColumn(cnt, 'J', name, unit, comment); }
    bool AddColumnLong(uint32_t cnt, const string &name, const string &unit="", const string &comment="")
    { return AddColumn(cnt, 'K', name, unit, comment); }
    bool AddColumnFloat(uint32_t cnt, const string &name, const string &unit="", const string &comment="")
    { return AddColumn(cnt, 'E', name, unit, comment); }
    bool AddColumnDouble(uint32_t cnt, const string &name, const string &unit="", const string &comment="")
    { return AddColumn(cnt, 'D', name, unit, comment); }
    bool AddColumnChar(uint32_t cnt, const string &name, const string &unit="", const string &comment="")
    { return AddColumn(cnt, 'A', name, unit, comment); }
    bool AddColumnByte(uint32_t cnt, const string &name, const string &unit="", const string &comment="")
    { return AddColumn(cnt, 'B', name, unit, comment); }
    bool AddColumnBool(uint32_t cnt, const string &name, const string &unit="", const string &comment="")
    { return AddColumn(cnt, 'L', name, unit, comment); }

    bool AddColumnShort(const string &name, const string &unit="", const string &comment="")
    { return AddColumn(1, 'I', name, unit, comment); }
    bool AddColumnInt(const string &name, const string &unit="", const string &comment="")
    { return AddColumn(1, 'J', name, unit, comment); }
    bool AddColumnLong(const string &name, const string &unit="", const string &comment="")
    { return AddColumn(1, 'K', name, unit, comment); }
    bool AddColumnFloat(const string &name, const string &unit="", const string &comment="")
    { return AddColumn(1, 'E', name, unit, comment); }
    bool AddColumnDouble(const string &name, const string &unit="", const string &comment="")
    { return AddColumn(1, 'D', name, unit, comment); }
    bool AddColumnChar(const string &name, const string &unit="", const string &comment="")
    { return AddColumn(1, 'A', name, unit, comment); }
    bool AddColumnByte(const string &name, const string &unit="", const string &comment="")
    { return AddColumn(1, 'B', name, unit, comment); }
    bool AddColumnBool(const string &name, const string &unit="", const string &comment="")
    { return AddColumn(1, 'L', name, unit, comment); }

    /*
    bool AddKey(string key, double d, const string &comment)
    {
        ostringstream out;
        out << d;

        string s = out.str();

        replace(s.begin(), s.end(), "e", "E");

        return AddKey(key, s, comment);
        }*/


    Checksum WriteHeader(ofstream &fout)
    {
        Checksum sum;
        for (auto it=fKeys.begin(); it!=fKeys.end(); it++)
        {
            it->Out(fout);
            sum += it->checksum;
        }
        fout.flush();

        return sum;
    }

    Checksum WriteHeader()
    {
        return WriteHeader(*this);
    }

    void FlushHeader()
    {
        const off_t pos = tellp();
        WriteHeader();
        seekp(pos);
    }

    Checksum WriteFitsHeader()
    {
        ofits h;

        h.SetBool("SIMPLE", true, "file does conform to FITS standard");
        h.SetInt ("BITPIX",    8, "number of bits per data pixel");
        h.SetInt ("NAXIS",     0, "number of data axes");
        h.SetBool("EXTEND", true, "FITS dataset may contain extensions");
        h.SetStr ("CHECKSUM","0000000000000000", "Checksum for the whole HDU");
        h.SetStr ("DATASUM", "         0", "Checksum for the data block");
        h.AddComment("FITS (Flexible Image Transport System) format is defined in 'Astronomy");
        h.AddComment("and Astrophysics', volume 376, page 359; bibcode: 2001A&A...376..359H");
        h.End();

        const Checksum sum = h.WriteHeader(*this);

        h.SetStr("CHECKSUM", sum.str());

        const size_t offset = tellp();
        h.WriteHeader(*this);
        seekp(offset);

        return sum;
    }

    bool WriteTableHeader(const char *name="DATA")
    {
        if (tellp()>0)
        {
#ifdef __EXCEPTIONS
            throw runtime_error("File not empty anymore.");
#else
            gLog << ___err___ << "ERROR - File not empty anymore." << endl;
            return false;
#endif
        }

        fHeaderSum = WriteFitsHeader();

        SetStr("EXTNAME", name);
        SetInt("NAXIS1",  fTable.bytes_per_row);
        SetInt("TFIELDS", fTable.cols.size());

        End();

        WriteHeader();

        return good();
    }

    template<size_t N>
        void revcpy(char *dest, const char *src, int num)
    {
        const char *pend = src + num*N;
        for (const char *ptr = src; ptr<pend; ptr+=N, dest+=N)
            reverse_copy(ptr, ptr+N, dest);
    }

    uint32_t GetBytesPerRow() const { return fTable.bytes_per_row; }

    bool WriteRow(const void *ptr, size_t cnt, bool byte_swap=true)
    {
        // FIXME: Make sure that header was already written
        //        or write header now!
        if (cnt!=fTable.bytes_per_row)
        {
            ostringstream sout;
            sout << "WriteRow - Size " << cnt << " does not match expected size " << fTable.bytes_per_row;
#ifdef __EXCEPTIONS
            throw runtime_error(sout.str());
#else
            gLog << ___err___ << "ERROR - " << sout.str() << endl;
            return false;
#endif
        }

        // For the checksum we need everything to be correctly aligned
        const uint8_t offset = fTable.offset%4;

        char *buffer = fOutputBuffer.data() + offset;

        auto ib = fOutputBuffer.begin();
        auto ie = fOutputBuffer.end();
        *ib++ = 0;
        *ib++ = 0;
        *ib++ = 0;
        *ib   = 0;

        *--ie = 0;
        *--ie = 0;
        *--ie = 0;
        *--ie = 0;

        if (!byte_swap)
            memcpy(buffer, ptr, cnt);
        else
        {
            for (auto it=fTable.cols.begin(); it!=fTable.cols.end(); it++)
            {
                const char *src  = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(ptr) + it->offset;
                char       *dest = buffer + it->offset;

                // Let the compiler do some optimization by
                // knowing the we only have 1, 2, 4 and 8
                switch (it->size)
                {
                case 1: memcpy   (dest, src, it->num*it->size); break;
                case 2: revcpy<2>(dest, src, it->num);          break;
                case 4: revcpy<4>(dest, src, it->num);          break;
                case 8: revcpy<8>(dest, src, it->num);          break;
                }
            }
        }

        write(buffer, cnt);
        fDataSum.add(fOutputBuffer);

        fTable.num_rows++;
        fTable.offset += cnt;
        return good();
    }

    template<typename N>
    bool WriteRow(const vector<N> &vec)
    {
        return WriteRow(vec.data(), vec.size()*sizeof(N));
    }

    // Flushes the number of rows to the header on disk
    void FlushNumRows()
    {
        SetInt("NAXIS2", fTable.num_rows);
        FlushHeader();
    }

    bool close()
    {
        if (tellp()<0)
            return false;

        if (tellp()%(80*36)>0)
        {
            const vector<char> filler(80*36-tellp()%(80*36));
            write(filler.data(), filler.size());
        }

        // We don't have to jump back to the end of the file
        SetInt("NAXIS2",  fTable.num_rows);

        ostringstream dataSumStr;
        dataSumStr << fDataSum.val();
        SetStr("DATASUM", dataSumStr.str());

        const Checksum sum = WriteHeader();

        //sum += headersum;

        SetStr("CHECKSUM", (sum+fDataSum).str());

        const Checksum chk = WriteHeader();

        ofstream::close();

        if ((chk+fDataSum).valid())
            return true;

        ostringstream sout;
        sout << "Checksum (" << std::hex << chk.val() << ") invalid.";
#ifdef __EXCEPTIONS
        throw runtime_error(sout.str());
#else
        gLog << ___err___ << "ERROR - " << sout.str() << endl;
        return false;
#endif
    }
};

}

#if 0
#include "fits.h"

int main()
{
    using namespace std;

    ofits h2("delme.fits");

    h2.SetInt("KEY1", 1, "comment 1");
    h2.AddColumnInt(2, "testcol1", "counts", "My comment");
    h2.AddColumnInt("testcol2", "counts", "My comment");
    //h2.AddColumnInt("testcol2", "counts", "My comment");
    h2.SetInt("KEY2", 2, "comment 2");

    /*
     AddFloat("X0",           0.000123456, "number of fields in each row");
     AddFloat("X1",           0, "number of fields in each row");
     AddFloat("X2",      12345, "number of fields in each row");
     AddFloat("X3",      123456.67890, "number of fields in each row");
     AddFloat("X4", 1234567890123456789.12345678901234567890, "number of fields in each row");
     AddFloat("X5", 1234567890.1234567890e20, "number of fields in each row");
     AddFloat("X6", 1234567890.1234567890e-20, "number of fields in each row");
     AddFloat("XB", 1234567890.1234567890e-111, "number of fields in each row");
     AddFloat("X7", 1e-5, "number of fields in each row");
     AddFloat("X8", 1e-6, "number of fields in each row");
     //AddStr("12345678", "123456789012345678", "12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567");
     */
    // -

    h2.WriteTableHeader("TABLE_NAME");

    for (int i=0; i<10; i++)
    {
        int j[3] = { i+10, i*10, i*100 };
        h2.WriteRow(j, 3*sizeof(i));
    }

    //h2.AddColumnInt("testcol2", "counts", "My comment");
    //h2.SetInt("KEY3", 2, "comment 2");
    h2.SetInt("KEY2", 2, "comment 2xxx");
    h2.SetInt("KEY1", 11);

    h2.close();

    cout << "---" << endl;

    fits f("delme.fits");
    if (!f)
        throw runtime_error("xxx");

    cout << "Header is valid: " << f.IsHeaderOk() << endl;

    while (f.GetNextRow());

    cout << "File   is valid: " << f.IsFileOk() << endl;

    cout << "---" << endl;

    return 0;
}
#endif

#endif